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History of photography from the invention will not escape the camera and film. With the invention of film, we can reproduce the image, and the lighting of the film occurs in the camera. Historically, the working principle of the camera have been discovered since the time of Aristotle, perhaps even earlier. Aristotle conducted experiments with stretched skin that was given a small hole, held on the ground and given between to catch the sun's shadow.
So that light can penetrate and bounce off the ground and the solar eclipse can be observed. Then the discovery of a camera obscura invented by Leonardo da Vinci, painter and scientist alone. The camera obscura in the form of a dark room which was given a small hole on one side, so that a beam of light can enter and make the shadows of objects in front of him. At first, this camera is not very desirable, since very little light coming in, so that the shadows that formed were vague. Its use is mainly still for drawing objects in front of the camera.
Use this new camera lens popular after the discovery in 1550. With the lens on this camera, the light entering the camera can be multiplied, and the image can be centered, so the drawing becomes more perfect.
Year 1575, the first portable camera newly created, and the discovery of this camera to draw more and more practical. New year 1680 was born the first reflex camera, but its use is still to draw, because the raw materials to capture objects that are in front of the lens than by drawing still missing. So, at that time, the camera is still used to simplify the drawing. Where the results of these cameras still can not be reproduced, because it has not found a negative film. The history of the discovery of the film begins when people are trying to capture the objects that are in front of the camera, has already begun since the 19th century, with the important discovery by Joseph Niepce, a French veteran. He experimented with using the Asphalt Bitumen Judea. With lighting 8 hours, he managed to capture objects that are in front of his camera lens into an image on a plate that has been coated with these chemicals. But through this percobaaan still not able to make a duplicate image. Experiment after experiment has been done to find material for the duplicate images, but still failed. Until Sir Henry Talbott find Callotype of paper material which drawings form a negative image and can be reproduced. But this discovery is less desirable, because the result is less sharp. Then was born the Collodion, photographic materials, introduced by Frederick Scott Archer, using glass as a material base. This process is a wet process. Chemicals are superimposed on the glass, and then directly mounted on the camera obscura, and the resulting picture is better. This method is widely used to photograph the whole of Europe and America, until the discovery of gelatinous material and the discovery of chemicals that can be used for dry process.
In the year 1895, George Eastman made the film roll (roll film) with a gelatinous material, which is used to photograph (the image capture nature) until now. The findings above have been easier for us to capture objects that are in front of the lens and reproduce it, so that the photographers, both amateur and professional to produce a work of high art, without necessarily hindered by technological limitations.
